Homeopathy: the Reactive Models



The concept of a reactive model is introduced by Christian Friederich Samuel Hahnemann (1755-1843), the father of homeopathy, after many years of studies on healthy humans and is an evolution of the initial concept of diathesis or predisposition to disease linked to family or genetic factors specific to the individual.

Homeopathic Medicine, as is known, is based on the so-called " principle of similarity ", of Galilean memory, on the basis of which the parallelism of action between experimental power and therapeutic power of a substance is established. Wanting to schematize the foundations of Homeopathy, we can summarize them as follows:

  1. Each pharmacologically active substance or remedy is capable of producing a characteristic clinical picture of the substance used.
  2. Each patient presents a clinical picture characteristic of his reactivity towards a noxa or morbid disease.
  3. Healing is achieved by administering the substance that has been experimentally shown to produce a clinical picture similar to the one you want to cure , at weak or infinitesimal doses .

An example of this is the use of Apis mellifica in dermatological diseases, which present the wheal as an elemental lesion, which corresponds to the power of the bee venom to create similar lesions. Even in chronic cases, the basic concept of homeopathy applies, that the prescription is carried out following the " principle of similarity", but this is not limited to the current symptoms, but is extended to the concomitant symptoms and above all to the morbid antecedents of the patient.

Furthermore, extensive consideration is given to the data on biotypology, that is to the typological characteristics of the subject and among these data, reactive models are particularly important, that is, the response modalities available to the organism against morbid stresses . The reactive models described are four and each one corresponds to a "pharmacological family", that is a certain number of substances or remedies able to counteract the pathogenic action and therefore to cure the pathological noxa . The following are the characteristics and remedies of the main homeopathic reactive models:

Psoric Responsive Model

Tuberculin Reactive Model

Sicilian Responsive Model

Luesinian Responsive Model

Psoric Responsive Model

It is the chronic disease that Hahnemann considered to be the most widespread, due to the consequences of the " scabies ", a parasitosis widespread in his time, which included not only the actual sarcoptic scabies ( sarcoptes scabei ), but also all the dry skin diseases or exuding, having intense itching, aggravated by the heat of the bed and water, improved by the cool .

The origin of the psora was, therefore, first linked to the scabies and the lack of hygiene of the times, then a century later, it came, from the Swiss Antoine Nebel (1870-1954), connected to the infection of the bacillus of Koch ( Mycobacterium tubercolosis ), due to the widespread use of tuberculosis in the early 20th century. Nowadays this affection can be considered an adaptation pathology and therefore a global reactive model, probably a genetic component.

The Psoric Reactive Model can thus be defined as the tendency to react by alternating skin manifestations with internal diseases that evolve by crisis, such as certain allergic diseases and many metabolic disorders . The triggering factors of this reactive model, which like others rests on genetic factors, seem to be the sedentary and hygienic-dietary errors, which are typical of urban civilization. The fundamental characteristics of the Responsive Psoric Model can be summarized in:

  • Alternation of symptoms between them
  • Periodicity of morbid manifestations
  • Preferential skin tropism
  • Frequent parasitosis
  • Arterial congestion
  • Acute diseases with abrupt onset, crisis-related defervescence, rapid convalescence.
  • Improvement with the elimination of physiological or pathological liquids.
  • Tendency to metabolic overloads (hyperdyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia).
  • Psychological tendencies extroversion, a correlation to the tendential "pathological expressiveness": everything that goes on with psoric modality is clear and exteriorized.

Characteristic Remedies of the Psoric Reactive Model

  • SULFUR
  • CALCAREA CARBONICA
  • LYCOPODIUM
  • ARSENICUM ALBUM
  • PSORINUM

The " polychrome" remedy or remedy with wide action in the psoric group is surely SULFUR, the homeopathic preparation is obtained by trituration and subsequent dilution in a hydro-alcoholic solution of sulfur crystals ( sulfur ). Essential constituent element sulfur is widely present in nature, but its indispensable and essential role plays it from the biological point of view, as catalyst or accelerator of cellular and extracellular biochemical reactions.

In the human body, where it constitutes 0.25% of the total mass, it is present in all cells and in many proteins, in some B vitamins and is also present in many organs such as liver, connective tissue and pancreas linked to production of insulin. It also performs important functions at an immunological, neurological, pulmonary, renal and musculoskeletal level.

From the homeopathic point of view this remedy fits all the Constitutions, but it is in particular the Sulfuric, which best responds to the characteristics of the medicine, this, in fact, acts on the symptoms at the level of the skin, of the mucous membranes, of the serous, of the connective tissue, blood circulation and liver.

The main distinctive signs of SULFUR are:

  • Burning sensation at various levels (soles of the feet, top of the head, etc.)
  • Heat sensation
  • Itching worsened by the warmth of the bed or wool
  • Worsened symptoms: with heat in general, at 11 am, standing
  • Periodicity of symptoms (every 7 or 14 days)
  • Reddening of the goldsmiths (eyelids, ear, nose etc.)
  • Irritating secretions

  • Desire for sweet foods, alcoholic beverages, spicy foods
  • Impellent diarrhea (night or early morning)
  • Irritating and fetid sweating (armpits and genitals)
  • Fever with intense thirst, dry and burning skin

The indications of the SULFUR remedy of the psoric group are manifold, thanks to its vastness of action, it is counted both in acute and chronic pathologies:

  • Continuous or remitting acute febrile states
  • acute forms: exanthematic fevers, acute inflammations in general, chronic dermatoses
  • chronic skin forms: atopic or contact eczema, herpes, furunculosis and pustular acne, respiratory allergies (coriza and asthma)
  • chronic respiratory forms: chronic rhinitis, chronic bonchitis, stomatitis, mouth ulcers, gastritis
  • chronic forms of the digestive system, heptic congestion, hepatodigestive emiceans, colitis and enterocolitis, arthralgias of various degrees (upper limbs and knees)
  • chronic articular forms, lumbago (worse getting up), pelvispondylitis
  • chronic cardiovascular forms: arterial hypertension (initial phases), left ventricular failure, nocturnal incontinence of the child
  • genitourinary forms, chronic cystitis and prostatism, vaginitis
  • endocrine forms, diabetes

Tuberculin Reactive Model

This is a reactive modality called " tuberculin " subgroup of the psoric reactive modality, which describes individuals having in their pathology a psoric reactive model, with a particular typology, they are rather thin subjects, despite a well preserved appetite, cold or hypersensitive to the cold with frequent diseases of the upper respiratory tract; nervous , sensitive, irritable. The fundamental characteristics of the subgroup are:

  • Variability of symptoms
  • Fatigue and asthenia
  • Neurodistonie
  • Catarrhal inflammation of the upper airways
  • demineralisation
  • Increased catabolic metabolism

Characteristic Remedies of the Tuberculin Reactive Model

  • PHOSPHORUS
  • CALCAREA PHOSPHORICA
  • PHOSPHORICUM ACIDUM
  • PULSATILLA
  • NATRUM MURIATICUM
  • SILICEA
  • SULFUR IODATUM
  • TUBERCULINUM

The characteristic remedy of the tuberculin group is PHOSPHORUS or white phosphorus, a strongly reducing elementary substance, is a metalloid and is presented in the form of colorless or yellowish-white crystals, which under homeopathic preparations undergo a heating to 70 ° in alcohol and successive dilutions. This constitutional type of drug presents a sensitive typology, both in adults and in children, with tendency to fatigue, hypersensitivity to environmental stimuli, to bleeding, in the presence of anxiety and depression . The distinctive and characteristic signs of Phosphorus can be summarized as follows:

  • sensory hyperesthesia (noise, light, odors)
  • Psycho-behavioral alterations : alternation of phases of excitement, euphoria and excessive affectivity with depression, abulia and apathy
  • Psicoastenia and excessive fatigue
  • Hemorrhagic diathesis
  • Burning sensation (palms hands, along the dorsal column)
  • Desire for cold or iced food and drinks
  • Insatiable hunger at night

The main clinical indications of the Phosphorus remedy , of the tuberculin group are:

in acute manifestations:

  • Frequent bleeding and their prevention

  • Acute pneumopathies
  • Viral hepatitis
  • Laryngitis
  • Infant gastroenteritis
  • Severe acetonemic vomiting
  • Acute pancreatitis
  • Acute hepatitis nephritis

in chronic manifestations:

  • Chronic alcoholism
  • Chronic hepatic affections ( liver failure, cholecystitis)
  • Atherosclerosis and heart failure
  • Chronic renal failure
  • Vascular complications of diabetes
  • neurological indications (myelitis, polyneuritis)

other indications:

  • Behavioral disorders (excitation - depression - hypersensitivity etc.)

Sicilian Responsive Model

The name of this reactive model originates from the Greek term σύκωσις which means sicoma or fig tumor as Hahnemann meant, nothing to do, therefore, with the term dermatology which indicates an inflammation of the hair follicles. The sycotic reactive model finds its origin in an imbalance of the immune system due to the action of multiple immunosuppressive factors such as incongruous antibiotics during viral diseases or in inadequate doses or in insufficient time, with the result of creating a selection of resistant bacteria; or corticosteroids administered for a long time and treatments with immunosuppressive drugs; prolonged or ill-treated infections, vaccinations in congruently repeated; depressions treated for a long time with psychiatric drugs. Distinctive features of the Sicilian Reactive Model are:

  • Evolution of subtle and slow diseases with progression of diseases
  • Water retention with tissue imbibition
  • Chronic catarrhal infections of the genital and upper respiratory tract
  • Formation of skin growths, cysts, benign tumors
  • Lymphatic congestion
  • Constant physical asthenia Aggravation with humidity
  • Peri-articular tissue involvement, with joint rigidity
  • Difficulty adapting to the environment, to social rhythms

Remedies characteristic of the Sicilian Reactive Model

  • THUYA OCCIDENTALIS
  • NATRUM SULFURICUM
  • causticum
  • Medorrhinum

The key medicine of the sycotic group is THUYA OCCIDENTALIS, a plant of the Cupressaceae family, also called " tree of life", it is particularly common in Canada and North America and in Europe where it is cultivated for ornamental purposes. The mother tincture, obtained from spring twigs, contains mainly: Tannin (5%), Flavonoids and essential oils. Its main action is performed on the genitourinary organs, on the skin, on the lymphatic system and on the nervous system. The sensitive type, which responds well to the remedy, is classically described as a subject "covered " or fat or infiltrated in the bust with frail legs, oily and oily skin, with the presence of warts and striped nails. The salient characteristic signs of the medicine are:

  • Unbearable neuralgia
  • Cenesthesia of various types: sensation of foreign body in the belly or fragility of bone
  • Worsened by cold and humidity
  • Worsening at 3 am or around 3 pm
  • Worsening after vaccination or drug treatment
  • Yellow-green characteristic secretions
  • Smelly sweats
  • Borborigmi and abdominal noises
  • Fixed ideas
  • Depression

The main clinical indications of Thuya as a remedy for the sycotic group are:

  • Diseases resulting from vaccination, antibiotics, use of oral contraceptives etc.
  • Nasopharyngitis, recurrent bronchitis
  • Tonsillar hypertrophy or adenoids or nasal polyps
  • Delayed allergies: asthma, eczema
  • Genitourinary disorders: prostatic hypertrophy, bladder polyps, leucorrhea, recurrent urinary tract infections
  • Cutaneous indications: warts, papillomas, HPV condylomata, juvenile acne, boils, cellulite
  • Nerve pathologies: neuralgia, cenestesie, reactive depressions.

Luesinian or syphilitic reactive model

The term Luesinico refers properly to the venereal disease called Lue or Syphilis, due to the infection with Treponema pallidum, which was attributed by Hahnemann to the analogy between this disease and the medicine then used to treat it, namely the mercurius, both, in fact, they caused irritation, ulceration and sclerosis ; over time, other distinctive features were added, such as alcoholism. The main characteristics of the Luesinian Reactive Model can be summarized as follows:. Psychic instability and constant need for change. Phobias of diseases, contagion or death. Tendency to ulceration and sclerosis. Hyperkeratosis and tendency to cracking of skin lesions. Lymphadenopathy with lymph nodes of wooden consistency. Nighttime aggravation of symptoms

Characteristic remedies of the Luesinian Reactive Model

  • MERCURIUS SOLUBILIS

  • FLUORIC CALCAREA

  • FLUORICUM ACIDUM

  • ARGENTUM NITRICUM

  • AURUM METALLICUM

  • Luesinum

  • PLATINA

  • PLUMBUM METALLICUM

The most representative remedy of the luesinic group is MERCURIUS SOLUBILIS or "soluble Hahnemann mercury ", which is obtained from a mixture of mercury compounds (Hg) after filtration and precipitation. The final product contains 85% of Hg and has an action on inflammation of the ENT mucous membranes, ophthalmic, respiratory, on skin or bone suppurations, on neurological disorders. The characteristic signs of the medicine are mainly:

  • Metallic taste
  • Tingling in the lips
  • General weakness with chills
  • Cranial and tibial periosteal pains
  • Tenesmus and genitourinary or rectal burning
  • Worsening of symptoms at night
  • Improves with dry climate
  • Purulent secretions, irritating of various systems
  • Dense sweating

The main therapeutic indications of Mercurius solubilis can be summarized as follows: - Inflammation of the ENT mucous membranes: Acute and chronic tonsillitis, rhinitis, pharyngitis, epidemic mumps, otitis

  • Inflammation of ocular mucous membranes: blepharitis, conjunctivitis, corneal ulceration
  • Bronchopneumopathies, asthma-like bronchitis
  • Suppurative inflammations of the skin, superinfected eczema, ulcerations, abscesses
  • Gingivitis, alveolodentaria pyorrhea, paraodontosis, stomatitis
  • Acute diarrhea, ulcerative colitis
  • Vaginitis, ulceration of the cervix, urethritis and cystitis
  • Neurological disorders : tremors, headaches
  • Behavioral disorders: character instability, fits of anger, academic difficulties .

The THEORY of homeopathic CONSTITUTIONS ( A. Nebel 1870-1954) is closely related to this aspect of the Reactive or Diatonic Model, which is the theory that takes into consideration the set of psychosomatic characteristics to classify individuals into different groups, based on to which, it will be possible then to link all the elements: Constitution - Physiopathology - Therapy . This important and crucial aspect for the diagnosis and homeopathic therapy will be the subject of a further study.

Bibliography

G.BALZANO : Manual of surgical homeopathy in gynecology, Tecniche Nuove, Milan ( 2010 ). M.BIGNAMINI, E.FELISI .: Homeopathic methodology, Ambrosiana, Milan ( 1999 ).

I.CAVICCHI : The medicine of choice, Bollati boringhieri, Turin ( 2000 ).

D.DEMARQUE : L'Homéopathie, médecine de l'expérience, Maisonneuve, Moulins-lès-Metz ( 1968/1981) .

D.DEMARQUE et Al .: Homeopathic Pharmacology and Materia Medica, New Techniques ( 1999 ) L.TURINESE : Biotypology. Type analysis in medical practice. Tecniche Nuove, Milan ( 1997 ).

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